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A Frost Effects Research Facility (FERF), devoted to the study of large-scale soil systems, like pavements. An Ice Engineering Facility (IEF), which is devoted to the study of ice effects in navigable waterways, hydrology and hydraulics problems, flooding, and other matters that may result from ice formation.
Weather modification can also have the goal of preventing damaging weather, such as hail or hurricanes, from occurring; or of provoking damaging weather against an enemy, as a tactic of military or economic warfare like Operation Popeye, where clouds were seeded to prolong the monsoon in Vietnam.
Weather radar in Norman, Oklahoma with rainshaft Weather (WF44) radar dish University of Oklahoma OU-PRIME C-band, polarimetric, weather radar during construction. Weather radar, also called weather surveillance radar (WSR) and Doppler weather radar, is a type of radar used to locate precipitation, calculate its motion, and estimate its type (rain, snow, hail etc.).
The conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid, which condenses rapidly in the stratosphere to form fine sulfate aerosols. A volcanic winter is a reduction in global temperatures caused by droplets of sulfuric acid obscuring the Sun and raising Earth's albedo (increasing the reflection of solar radiation) after a large, sulfur-rich, particularly explosive volcanic eruption.
The loss of frost resistance occurs after warming. Rapid temperature fluctuations during winter deharden trees and increase the risk of spring damage. [5] Species that bloom first even before the leaves develop like apricots or peaches, are particularly vulnerable to damage. The reproductive organs, due to their abundant hydration, are easily ...
An early light frost can wipe out your garden harvest for the season. When a light frost is expected, water your garden to wet the plants. So, a light water layer on your plants will help protect ...
[87] [88] Such losses can match an average year of forest fires in all of Canada or five years worth of emissions from its transportation. [87] [89] Climate change and the associated changing weather patterns occurring worldwide have a direct effect on biology, population ecology, and the population of eruptive insects, such as the mountain ...
Cryobiology of plants explores the cellular and molecular adaptations plants develop to survive subzero temperatures, such as antifreeze proteins (AFP) and changes in membrane composition. Cryopreservation is a critical technique in plant cryobiology, used for the long-term storage of genetic material and the preservation of endangered species ...