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Artaxerxes was probably born in the reign of his grandfather Darius I, to the emperor's son and heir, Xerxes I.In 465 BC, Xerxes I was murdered by Hazarapat ("commander of thousand") Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard and the most powerful official in the Persian court, with the help of a eunuch, Aspamitres. [9]
Artaxerxes / ˌ ɑːr t ə ˈ z ɜːr k s iː z / may refer to: The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the 1st Persian Empire: Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I; Artaxerxes II of Persia (436 BC–358 BC), Artaxerxes II Mnemon, r. 404–358 BC, son and successor ...
Artaxerxes is the Latin form of the Greek Artaxerxes (Αρταξέρξης), itself from the Old Persian Artaxšaçā ("whose reign is through truth"). [2] It is known in other languages as; Elamite Ir-tak-ik-ša-iš-ša, Ir-da-ik-ša-iš-ša; Akkadian Ar-ta-ʾ-ḫa-šá-is-su; Middle Persian Ardaxšēr and New Persian Ardašīr.
Reign of Artaxerxes II. [14] 397 BCE. The alternative proposed date of the mission of Ezra the Scribe (if he served under Artaxerxes II). [11] 400–300 BCE. Ezra–Nehemiah (Book of Ezra and Book of Nehemiah) is written. An early Hebrew form of 1 Esdras, an alternative account, is also possibly created. [15] [11] 359–338 BCE. Reign of ...
Longimanus may refer to: Oceanic whitetip shark ( Carcharhinus longimanus ), a tropical and warm temperate seas shark Artaxerxes I of Persia , who was surnamed in Greek as μακρόχειρ Macrocheir or Longimanus in Latin.
Artaxerxes IV ("Arses") 338–336 BC Placed on the throne as an adolescent by Bagoas, advisor to the King, after Bagoas had poisoned Artaxerxes III; poisoned by Bagoas when he threatened to punish him for his crimes. [35] Darius III: 336–330 BC Placed on the throne by Bagoas; poisoned Bagoas when he learned of a plot to kill him. [36]
A later story, that Bagoas was an Egyptian and killed Artaxerxes III because he had killed the living Apis (Aelian, Var. Hist. vi. 8), is without historical basis. [5] Bagoas' house in Susa, with rich treasures, was presented by Alexander the Great to Parmenion (Plut.
Plutarch, when writing his Life of Artaxerxes II, used Ctesias, Dinon, Xenophon, and a few others as references. The work is the only biography of an Achaemenid king. [ 9 ] According to the modern historian Carsten Binder, Plutarch's work is an "eloquent but hardly reliable source of information" and that it "should be treated with the greatest ...