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As a metal, titanium is recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio. [17] It is a strong metal with low density that is quite ductile (especially in an oxygen-free environment), [11] lustrous, and metallic-white in color. [19]
It is also known as the strength-to-weight ratio or strength/weight ratio or strength-to-mass ratio. In fiber or textile applications, tenacity is the usual measure of specific strength. The SI unit for specific strength is Pa ⋅ m 3 / kg , or N ⋅m/kg, which is dimensionally equivalent to m 2 /s 2 , though the latter form is rarely used.
Titanium and its alloys are used in airplanes, missiles, and rockets where strength, low weight, and resistance to high temperatures are important. [14] [15] [16] Since titanium does not react within the human body, it and its alloys are used in artificial joints, screws, and plates for fractures, and for other biological implants.
A 1948 graduate of MIT, Stanley Abkowitz (1927-2017) was a pioneer in the titanium industry and is credited for the invention of the Ti-6Al-4V during his time at the US Army’s Watertown Arsenal Laboratory in the early 1950s. [4] Titanium/Aluminum/Vanadium alloy was hailed as a major breakthrough with strategic military significance.
Elastic properties describe the reversible deformation (elastic response) of a material to an applied stress.They are a subset of the material properties that provide a quantitative description of the characteristics of a material, like its strength.
As a metal, titanium is recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio. [35] It is a strong metal with low density that is quite ductile (especially in an oxygen-free environment), [36] lustrous, and metallic-white in color. [37]
It is also known as the stiffness to weight ratio or specific stiffness. High specific modulus materials find wide application in aerospace applications where minimum structural weight is required. The dimensional analysis yields units of distance squared per time squared.
The high strength-to-weight ratio of titanium foams offers an opportunity to provide increased bending and shearing stiffness as well as energy absorption capabilities during periods of bending. [66] [70] [71] Titanium foams may be utilized in environments with elevated temperatures (up to 400 °C). Composite structures may also be produced ...