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Kohlberg suggested that there may be a seventh stage—Transcendental Morality, or Morality of Cosmic Orientation—which linked religion with moral reasoning. [23] Kohlberg's difficulties in obtaining empirical evidence for even a sixth stage, [17] however, led him to emphasize the speculative nature of his seventh stage. [8]
Lawrence Kohlberg (/ ˈ k oʊ l b ɜːr ɡ /; October 25, 1927 – January 17, 1987) was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stages of moral development.. He served as a professor in the Psychology Department at the University of Chicago and at the Graduate School of Education at Harvard University.
One well-known version of the dilemma, used in Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development, is stated as follows: [1] A woman was on her deathbed. There was one drug that the doctors said would save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered.
Six classes of moral conversion were identified, based on progressively higher and higher levels of moral reasoning, beginning with the preconventional level of a child, and concluding with the postconventional (or autonomous) level of an adult aware of ethical principles guiding universally moral behaviour. [3]
Developmental theories of moral reasoning were critiqued as prioritizing on the maturation of cognitive aspect of moral reasoning. [13] From Kohlberg's perspective, one is considered as more advanced in moral reasoning as she is more efficient in using deductive reasoning and abstract moral principles to make moral judgments about particular ...
Moral development and reasoning are two overlapping topics of study in moral psychology that have historically received a great amount of attention, even preceding the influential work of Piaget and Kohlberg. [28] Moral reasoning refers specifically to the study of how people think about right and wrong and how they acquire and apply moral ...
A moral hierarchy is a hierarchy by which actions are ranked by their morality, with respect to a moral code. It also refers to a relationship – such as teacher/pupil or guru /disciple – in which one party is taken to have greater moral awareness than the other; [ 1 ] or to the beneficial hierarchy of parent/child or doctor/patient.
The first level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is called preconventional morality. In this stage, children obey rules more externally. This means the children are more likely to conform to rules authority sets for them, to avoid punishment or to receive personal rewards. There are two stages within preconventional morality.