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The Nez Perce native Americans fled through Yellowstone National Park between August 20 and Sept 7, during the Nez Perce War in 1877. As the U.S. army pursued the Nez Perce through the park, a number of hostile and sometimes deadly encounters between park visitors and the Indians occurred.
The 29-day tour of the park on snowshoes covered nearly 200 miles, with temperatures varying −10 °F (−23 °C) to −52 °F (−47 °C) below zero. [16] Despite the problems on Mount Washburn, Haynes returned with 42 photographs of Yellowstone in the middle of winter, the first ever taken during that time of year. [17]
Corporal Parish and six privates of the Sixth Infantry Regiment, as well as guides and hunters, accompanied Long's expedition. [1] [3] [11] Joseph Bijeau was a Crow language and Native American sign language interpreter. Abram Deloux was a guide and hunter. [12] [13] [14] Stephen Julien was a French and Native American interpreter. D.
Lewis and Clark. Smith was born in Jericho, now Bainbridge, Chenango County, New York, on January 6, 1799, [3] [a] [4] to Jedediah Smith I, a general store owner from New Hampshire, and Sally Strong, both of whom were descended entirely from families that came to New England from England during the Puritan emigration between 1620 and 1640.
From 16 July 1857 until July 1858, Bridger was employed as a guide during the Utah War. In 1859, Bridger was paid to be the chief guide on the Yellowstone-bound Raynolds Expedition, led by Captain William F. Raynolds. [12] Though unsuccessful in reaching Yellowstone, because of deep snow, the expedition explored Jackson Hole and Pierre's Hole.
The Tukudeka's traditional homelands were along the Salmon River in the Sawtooth Mountains, [5] as well as southern Montana, and Yellowstone in Wyoming. [8] Europeans first entered their territory in 1824. American and British trappers hunted beavers in the 1840s. In 1860, gold was discovered, and non-native prospectors flooded the region. [5]
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