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  2. Intervertebral disc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intervertebral_disc

    Intervertebral discs consist of an outer fibrous ring, the anulus (or annulus) fibrosus disci intervertebralis, which surrounds an inner gel-like center, the nucleus pulposus. [1] The anulus fibrosus consists of several layers (laminae) of fibrocartilage made up of both type I and type II collagen. Type I is concentrated toward the edge of the ...

  3. Disc herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_herniation

    Some authors favour degeneration of the intervertebral disc as the major cause of spinal disc herniation and cite trauma as a minor cause. [7] Disc degeneration occurs both in degenerative disc disease and aging. [8] With degeneration, the disc components – the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus – become exposed to altered loads ...

  4. Lumbar provocative discography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_provocative_discography

    Spinal MRI is the imaging of choice to investigate the spine and intervertebral discs. [1] Meanwhile, lumbar discography is used to demonstrate degeneration and herniation of lumbar intervertebral discs by injecting a dye into the nucleus pulposus of the discs. The procedure is also used to reproduce pain back pain for those who have such symptoms.

  5. Schmorl's nodes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorl's_nodes

    Schmorl's nodes are fairly common, especially with minor degeneration of the aging spine, but they are also seen in younger spines. Schmorl's nodes often cause no symptoms, but may simply reflect that "wear and tear" of the spine has occurred over time; they may also reflect that bone strength was at one time somewhat compromised, perhaps due to a vitamin D deficiency although this has yet to ...

  6. Notochord - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notochord

    A postembryonic vestige of the notochord is found in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral discs. Isolated notochordal remnants may escape their lineage-specific destination in the nucleus pulposus and instead attach to the outer surfaces of the vertebral bodies, from which notochordal cells largely regress. [12]

  7. Degenerative disc disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disc_disease

    The intervertebral disc is removed and replaced with a small plug of bone or other graft substitute, along with a height restoration device to un-impinge nerves, and in time, the vertebrae will fuse together. Intervertebral disc arthroplasty: also called Artificial Disc Replacement (ADR), or Total Disc Replacement (TDR), is a type of arthroplasty.

  8. Vertebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebra

    Spinal disc herniation, more commonly called a slipped disc, is the result of a tear in the outer ring (anulus fibrosus) of the intervertebral disc, which lets some of the soft gel-like material, the nucleus pulposus, bulge out in a hernia. This may be treated by a minimally-invasive endoscopic procedure called Tessys method.

  9. Spinal column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_column

    Spinal disc herniation, more commonly called a "slipped disc", is the result of a tear in the outer ring (anulus fibrosus) of the intervertebral disc, which lets some of the soft gel-like material, the nucleus pulposus, bulge out in a hernia.

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