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  2. Cirrhosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis

    Ammonia is normally metabolized by the liver; as cirrhosis causes both decreased liver function and increased portosystemic shunting (allowing blood to bypass the liver), systemic ammonia levels gradually rise and lead to encephalopathy. [137] Most pharmaceutical approaches to treating hepatic encephalopathy focus on reducing ammonia levels. [138]

  3. Hyperammonemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperammonemia

    Acquired hyperammonemia is usually caused by diseases that result in either acute liver failure, such as overwhelming hepatitis B or exposure to hepatotoxins, or cirrhosis of the liver with chronic liver failure. Chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, and excessive alcohol consumption are common causes of cirrhosis.

  4. Hepatic encephalopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_encephalopathy

    Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. [2] Its onset may be gradual or sudden. [2] Other symptoms may include movement problems, changes in mood, or changes in personality. [2]

  5. Asterixis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterixis

    The inability of the liver to metabolize ammonia to urea damages the brain cells. The cause is thought to be predominantly related to abnormal ammonia metabolism. [6] Other metabolic encephalopathies (often in conjuction with drowsiness or stupor), especially in decompensated cirrhosis or acute liver failure. Kidney failure and azotemia. Wilson ...

  6. Fetor hepaticus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetor_hepaticus

    Fetor hepaticus or foetor hepaticus (Latin, "liver stench" ("fetid liver") [1] (see spelling differences), also known as breath of the dead or hepatic foetor, is a condition seen in portal hypertension where portosystemic shunting allows thiols to pass directly into the lungs.

  7. Liver failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_failure

    Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). [ 1 ] Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure ( ACLF ) is increasingly being recognized.

  8. Hospice, Inc. - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/hospice-inc

    The hospice business has undergone a dramatic transformation over the past decade, from a collection of small religious-affiliated entities into a booming mega industry dominated by companies seeking to reap big profits from the business of dying.

  9. Acute liver failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_liver_failure

    Patients presenting as acute and hyperacute liver failure are at greater risk of developing cerebral edema and grade IV encephalopathy. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but is likely to be a consequence of several phenomena. There is a buildup of toxic substances like ammonia, mercaptan, serotonin and tryptophan in the brain.

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