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Toluene is widely used in the paint, dye, rubber, chemical, glue, printing, and pharmaceutical industries as a solvent. [38] Nail polish, paintbrush cleaners, and stain removers may contain toluene. Manufacturing of explosives (TNT) uses it as well. Toluene is also found in cigarette smoke and car exhaust.
A freshwater aquatic food web. The blue arrows show a complete food chain (algae → daphnia → gizzard shad → largemouth bass → great blue heron). A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community.
The simplest member, toluene (or methylbenzene), has the hydrogen atom of the benzene ring replaced by a methyl group. The chemical formula of alkylbenzenes is C n H 2n-6. [2] Safety hazards of toluene. Oftentimes, toluene is used as an organic solvent.
The use of such random community matrices attracted much criticism. In other areas of ecology, it was realized that the food webs used to make these models were grossly oversimplified [23] and did not represent the complexity of real ecosystems. It also became clear that soil food webs did not conform to these predictions.
Structure Systematic name: 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene 1-bromo-3-methylbenzene 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Molecular formula: C 7 H 7 Br (C 6 H 4 BrCH 3) Molar mass: 171.03 g/mol Appearance colorless liquid colorless liquid white crystalline solid CAS number [95-46-5] [591-17-3] [106-38-7] Properties Density and phase: 1.431 g/ml, liquid 1.4099 g/ml ...
82 crystals are grown from toluene solution they have a monoclinic symmetry. The crystal structure contains toluene molecules packed between the spheres of the fullerene. However, evaporation of the solvent from C 76 transforms it into a face-centered cubic form. [55] Both monoclinic and face-centered cubic (fcc) phases are known for better ...
4-Toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, toluene-p-sulfonyl chloride) is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 2 Cl. This white, malodorous solid is a reagent widely used in organic synthesis. [2] Abbreviated TsCl or TosCl, it is a derivative of toluene and contains a sulfonyl chloride (−SO 2 Cl) functional group.
The observed values of connectance in empirical food webs appear to be constrained by the variability of the physical environment, [4] by habitat type, [5] which will reflect on an organism's diet breadth driven by optimal foraging behaviour. This ultimately links the structure of these ecological networks to the behaviour of individual ...