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Many scripts in Unicode, such as Arabic, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms.In English, the common ampersand (&) developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters e and t (spelling et, Latin for and) were combined. [1]
The Arabic alphabet, [a] or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, [b] of which most have contextual letterforms. Unlike the modern Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case.
Some Arabic computer fonts are calligraphic, for example Arial, Courier New, and Times New Roman. They look as if they were written with a brush or oblong pen, akin to how serifs originated in stone inscriptionals. Other fonts, like Tahoma and Noto Sans Arabic, use a mono-linear style more akin to sans-serif Latin scripts. Monolinear means that ...
Constable, Peter (2016-10-28), Script property of Arabic Letter Mark and interaction with digit substitution mechanisms L2/17-016 Moore, Lisa (2017-02-08), "Consensus 150-C24", UTC #150 Minutes , Change the Script property of U+061C from Common to Arabic, and change Script_Extensions from Default to Arabic, Syriac, and Thaana, for Unicode 10.0.
MSA = Letters used in Modern Standard Arabic. CA = Letters used in Classical Arabic. AD = Letters used in some regional Arabic Dialects. "Arabic" = Letters used in Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and most regional dialects. "Farsi" = Letters used in modern Persian. FW = Foreign words: the letter is sometimes used to spell foreign words.
Evans, Lorna; Malik, M. G. Abbas (2019-05-01), Proposal to encode ARABIC LETTER LAM WITH SMALL ARABIC LETTER TAH ABOVE in the UCS: L2/19-173: Anderson, Deborah; et al. (2019-04-29), "ARABIC LETTER LAM WITH SMALL ARABIC LETTER TAH ABOVE", Recommendations to UTC #159 April-May 2019 on Script Proposals: L2/19-122
Berber languages have often been written in an adaptation of the Arabic alphabet. The use of the Arabic alphabet, as well as the competing Latin and Tifinagh scripts, has political connotations; Tuareg language, (sometimes called Tamasheq) which is also a Berber language; Coptic language of Egyptians as Coptic text written in Arabic letters [25]
Arabic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy based on the Arabic alphabet. It is known in Arabic as khatt (Arabic: خَطّ), derived from the words 'line', 'design', or 'construction'. [1] [2] Kufic is the oldest form of the Arabic script. From an artistic point of view, Arabic calligraphy has been known and ...