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The average distance between Neptune and the Sun is 4.5 billion km (about 30.1 astronomical units (AU), the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun), and it completes an orbit on average every 164.79 years, subject to a variability of around ±0.1 years. The perihelion distance is 29.81 AU, and the aphelion distance is 30.33 AU.
Proteus is the second-largest moon of Neptune and is the largest of its regular prograde moons. It is about 420 km (260 mi) in diameter, larger than Nereid, Neptune's third-largest moon. It was not discovered by Earth-based telescopes because Proteus orbits so close to Neptune that it is lost in the glare of reflected sunlight. [15]
S/2021 N 1 is the smallest, faintest, and most distant natural satellite of Neptune known, with a diameter of around 16–25 km (10–16 mi). It was discovered on 7 September 2021 by Scott S. Sheppard, David J. Tholen, Chad Trujillo, and Patryk S. Lykawka using the 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and later announced on 23 February 2024. [1]
Average distance from Earth (which the Apollo missions took about 3 days to travel) — Solar radius: 0.005 — Radius of the Sun (695 500 km, 432 450 mi, a hundred times the radius of Earth or ten times the average radius of Jupiter) — Light-minute: 0.12 — Distance light travels in one minute — Mercury: 0.39 — Average distance from the ...
Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. [ a ] Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 astronomical units (4.50 × 10 9 km).
If the Sun–Neptune distance is scaled to 100 metres (330 ft), then the Sun would be about 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter (roughly two-thirds the diameter of a golf ball), the giant planets would be all smaller than about 3 mm (0.12 in), and Earth's diameter along with that of the other terrestrial planets would be smaller than a flea (0.3 mm or 0. ...
The following well-known stars are listed for the purpose of comparison. Antares (α Scorpii A) 680 [70] AD Fourteenth brightest star in the night sky. [71] Widely recognised as being among the largest known stars. [21] Betelgeuse (α Orionis) 640, [72] 764 +116 −62, [73] 782 ± 55 [74] AD & SEIS Tenth brightest star in the night sky. [71]
Nereid orbits Neptune in the prograde direction at an average distance of 5,504,000 km (3,420,000 mi), but its high eccentricity of 0.749 takes it as close as 1,381,500 km (858,400 mi) and as far as 9,626,500 km (5,981,600 mi). [4] Nereid's highly eccentric orbit around Neptune.