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Hulagu Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Ilkhanate, seated with his Eastern Christian queen Doquz Khatun of the Keraites. In modern times the Mongols are primarily Tibetan Buddhists, but in previous eras, especially during the time of the Mongol empire (13th–14th centuries), they were primarily shamanist, and had a substantial minority of Christians, many of whom were in ...
The unification created a new common ethnic identity as Mongols. Descendants of those clans form the Mongolian nation and other Inner Asian people. [citation needed] Almost all of tribes and clans mentioned in the Secret History of the Mongols [2] and some tribes mentioned in the Tarikh-i-Rashidi, there are total 33 Mongol tribes. [citation needed]
Genghis Khan [a] (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, [b] was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire.After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of China and Central Asia.
Mongol religious ideology held that the Chinggisids would eventually become rulers of the entire world. [6] Because of the Mongol conquests, the Chinggisids became the rulers of most of Eurasia, even after the Mongol Empire split into successor states: [7] the Golden Horde, the Chagatai Khanate, the Ilkhanate, and the Yuan dynasty. [8]
The second Khan of the Mongol Empire. Töregene Khatun: 1242 - 1246 Regent of the Mongol Empire until the election of her son, Güyük Khan. Güyük Khan: August 24, 1246 - April 20, 1248 The third Khan of the Mongol Empire. Oghul Qaimish: 1248 - 1251 Regent of the Mongol Empire until her death in 1251. Möngke Khan: July 1, 1251 - August 11, 1259
Mongol emperors were known for organizing competitions of religious debates among clerics, and these would draw large audiences. Genghis Khan's decree exempting Buddhists (toyin), Christians (erke'üd), Taoists (xiansheng) and Muslims (dashmad) from tax duties were continued by his successors until the end of the Yuan dynasty in 1368. According ...
Only the descendants of Jurluq Mergen retained the tribal name of Hongirad. One of the most famous Hongirad ancestors was Miser Ulug, an Onggirat Hercules who was super-humanly strong and often slept for days at a time. Many names of the 12th century's Hongirads and their subtribes have Mongol origin: [4] [5] Dei Setsen — tsetsen (wise)
Assuming that an average household consisted of 4 people and every adult man was a warrior, it can be estimated that the Mongol population in the Yuan dynasty counted at least 1,600,000 people. However, the amount of 40 tumens remained only in the name of the Mongols after the fall of the Yuan dynasty as only 6 tumens were able to retreat to ...