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In 1950, the first post-war military jeep, the M38 (or MC), was launched, based on the 1949 CJ‑3A. In 1953, it was quickly followed by the M38A1 (or MD), featuring an all-new "round-fendered" body in order to clear the also new, taller, Willys Hurricane engine. This jeep was later developed into the civilian CJ-5 launched in 1955.
The extra power made it the engine of choice for the U.S. Army. [5] The engine displacement was 134.2 cu in (2,199 cc) with a 3.125 in (79.4 mm) bore and 4.375 in (111.1 mm) stroke, a very undersquare design. It was an L-head design, with valves parallel with the cylinders. Initial power output was 60 hp (45 kW; 61 PS) at 4000 rpm and 105 lb⋅ ...
Germany's military production was tied to resources outside its area of control, a great disadvantage as compared to the Allies. British Empire in 1921 In 1938 Britain was the world's superpower, with political and economic control of a quarter of the world's population, industry and resources, and closely allied with the independent Dominion ...
Gasoline engines up to WWII were often valve in block design (L-head), during the war more overhead valve (ohv) engines were used, and after the war all new engines (except 1 F-head and 1 Overhead camshaft (ohc)) have been ohv. All diesel engines have ohv, they can be naturally aspired, supercharged (SC), or turbocharged (TC).
The M38 was a military version of the then-current civilian Jeep CJ-3A. [1] It differed from the CJ-3A in numerous ways, including a reinforced frame and suspension, [ 3 ] waterproof 24-volt electrical system, [ 1 ] sealed vent system for the engine, transmission, transfer case, fuel system [ 1 ] and brake system.
The word "Jeep" was first used to describe US Army "midget cars" in a January 1941 newspaper article, mentioning "Bantam" as the manufacturer. [22] At the time American Bantam was the only manufacturer that had actually fulfilled purchase orders to deliver Jeeps to the US Army. Rumors say "Jeep" is a phonetic pronunciation of the abbreviation GP.
The M38A1 was frequently mated with the M100 version of the Jeep trailer.The M38A1 / MD was the second post-war evolution of the World War II Willys MB jeep (after the M38 or MC; F engine Prototypes), and the first Willys Jeep to feature the new rounded fenders and hood body design that would become the distinguishing body style of the 1955 CJ‑5, and which was carried through for decades on ...
The German Army (German: Heer, German: ⓘ; lit. ' army ') was the land forces component of the Wehrmacht, [b] the regular armed forces of Nazi Germany, from 1935 until it effectively ceased to exist in 1945 and then was formally dissolved in August 1946. [4]