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Paradoxically the two digits that are missing are different: the bird hand (embedded in the wing) is thought to derive from the second, third and fourth digits of the ancestral five-digit hand. In contrast, the theropod dinosaurs seem to have the first, second and third digits.
Usually humans have five digits, [11] the bones of which are termed phalanges, [2] on each hand, although some people have more or fewer than five due to congenital disorders such as polydactyly or oligodactyly, or accidental or intentional amputations.
A hand is a prehensile, multi-fingered appendage located at the end of the forearm or forelimb of primates such as humans, chimpanzees, monkeys, and lemurs.A few other vertebrates such as the koala (which has two opposable thumbs on each "hand" and fingerprints extremely similar to human fingerprints) are often described as having "hands" instead of paws on their front limbs.
Human hand anatomy (pentadactyl) In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal. The term is derived from the Greek word δακτυλος (dáktylos) meaning "finger." Sometimes the suffix "-dactylia" is used. The derived adjectives end with "-dactyl" or "-dactylous."
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. [A] When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit.
In the five-finger system, the first finger refers to the thumb (or first digit); usually this system is used in a medical context, [1] or in a musical context when referring to playing keyboard instruments, such as the piano or accordion.
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The median nerve innervates the flexors of the wrist and digits, the abductors and opponens of the thumb, the first and second lumbricals. The ulnar nerve innervates the remaining intrinsic muscles of the hand. [3] [4] All muscles of the hand are innervated by the brachial plexus (C5–T1) and can be classified by innervation: [1] [4] [5]
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