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  2. Message authentication code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code

    In cryptography, a message authentication code (MAC), sometimes known as an authentication tag, is a short piece of information used for authenticating and integrity-checking a message. In other words, it is used to confirm that the message came from the stated sender (its authenticity) and has not been changed (its integrity).

  3. How AOL uses SSL to protect your account

    help.aol.com/articles/how-aol-uses-ssl-to...

    At AOL, we make every effort to keep your personal information totally secure. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is an industry standard for encrypting private data sent over the Internet. It helps protect your account from hackers and insures the security of private data sent over the Internet, like credit cards and passwords.

  4. Known-plaintext attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Known-plaintext_attack

    The usage "crib" was adapted from a slang term referring to cheating (e.g., "I cribbed my answer from your test paper"). A "crib" originally was a literal or interlinear translation of a foreign-language text—usually a Latin or Greek text—that students might be assigned to translate from the original language.

  5. Messaging Layer Security - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messaging_Layer_Security

    Messaging Layer Security (MLS) is a security layer for end-to-end encrypting messages. It is maintained by the MLS working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force, and is designed to provide an efficient and practical security mechanism for groups as large as 50,000 and for those who access chat systems from multiple devices.

  6. Aristocrat Cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristocrat_Cipher

    These types allow cryptographers to diversify their encryption techniques and help prevent decryption of the message. According to guidelines established by the American Cryptogram Association, Aristocrat Ciphers—one of the most popular cipher types—require that no plaintext letter be substituted with itself in the ciphertext, maintaining ...

  7. Ways to securely access AOL Mail

    help.aol.com/articles/allow-apps-that-use-less...

    Use a secure option to access AOL Mail. Use an app password. Use AOL Desktop Gold. Use the AOL Mail website: https://mail.aol.com; Install the AOL app on your Android or iOS device. Keep your current application, but follow the steps below to ensure it's syncing with our secure sign-in method. Please note, not all third-party email apps are ...

  8. Conditional access - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_access

    Encryption is used to protect the control word during transmission to the receiver: the control word is encrypted as an entitlement control message (ECM). The CA subsystem in the receiver will decrypt the control word only when authorised to do so; that authority is sent to the receiver in the form of an entitlement management message (EMM).

  9. Padding (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)

    In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices which all include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior to encryption. In classical cryptography, padding may include adding nonsense phrases to a message to obscure the fact that many messages end in predictable ways, e.g. sincerely yours.