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A simple example is fitting a line in two dimensions to a set of observations. Assuming that this set contains both inliers, i.e., points which approximately can be fitted to a line, and outliers, points which cannot be fitted to this line, a simple least squares method for line fitting will generally produce a line with a bad fit to the data including inliers and outliers.
Matplotlib-animation [11] capabilities are intended for visualizing how certain data changes. However, one can use the functionality in any way required. These animations are defined as a function of frame number (or time). In other words, one defines a function that takes a frame number as input and defines/updates the matplotlib-figure based ...
After flattening, arrays are represented as single-dimensional value vector V containing scalar elements, alongside auxiliary information recording the nested structure, typically in the form of a boolean flag vector F. The flag vector indicates, for the corresponding element in the value vector, whether it is the beginning of a new segment.
In computer science and mathematical logic, satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) is the problem of determining whether a mathematical formula is satisfiable.It generalizes the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to more complex formulas involving real numbers, integers, and/or various data structures such as lists, arrays, bit vectors, and strings.
Kohl's has slashed about 10% of its corporate workforce.. The move comes weeks after the struggling retailer announced it would be closing 27 "underperforming" stores in 15 states by April. That ...
In addition to support for vectorized arithmetic and relational operations, these languages also vectorize common mathematical functions such as sine. For example, if x is an array, then y = sin (x) will result in an array y whose elements are sine of the corresponding elements of the array x. Vectorized index operations are also supported.
There are three variants: the flattening , [1] sometimes called the first flattening, [2] as well as two other "flattenings" ′ and , each sometimes called the second flattening, [3] sometimes only given a symbol, [4] or sometimes called the second flattening and third flattening, respectively.
In array languages, operations are generalized to apply to both scalars and arrays. Thus, a+b expresses the sum of two scalars if a and b are scalars, or the sum of two arrays if they are arrays. An array language simplifies programming but possibly at a cost known as the abstraction penalty.