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A sophist (Greek: σοφιστής, romanized: sophistēs) was a teacher in ancient Greece in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. Sophists specialized in one or more subject areas, such as philosophy, rhetoric, music, athletics and mathematics. They taught arete, "virtue" or "excellence", predominantly to young statesmen and nobility.
Those ancient Greeks who called themselves, or were called by others, Sophists. The term was popular both in the 5th century BC and the 2nd century AD (the Second Sophistic). The target of sophist as an insult does not belong here.
The experiences of mystics are often framed within theological approaches to God, such as Quietism, Pietism, etc.; therefore, in order to aid in the understanding of Christian mysticism, this list includes some philosophers, theologians, anonymous theological books, religious groups and movements whose ideas and practices have had an influence ...
Christianity: c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD Paul the Apostle: Pauline Christianity: c. 33 AD James the Just: Jewish Christianity: c. 33 AD Lakulisha: Pashupata Shaivism sect of Hinduism: 1st century AD Judah the Prince: Rabbinic Judaism: 2nd century AD Montanus: Montanism: 2nd century AD Marcion of Sinope: Marcionism: 110–160 Elkesai: Elkesaism ...
Sophia (Koinē Greek: σοφία, sophía —"wisdom") is a central idea in Hellenistic philosophy and religion, Platonism, Gnosticism and Christian theology. Originally carrying a meaning of "cleverness, skill", the later meaning of the term, close to the meaning of phronesis ("wisdom, intelligence"), was significantly shaped by the term ...
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Christian philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Christians, or in relation to the religion of Christianity. Christian philosophy emerged with the aim of reconciling science and faith, starting from natural rational explanations with the help of Christian revelation .
Icon, Theotokos as Sophia, the Holy Wisdom, Kiev (1812) Sophiology (Russian: Софиология; by detractors also called Sophianism (Софианство) or Sophism (Софизм)) is a controversial school of thought in the Russian Orthodox tradition of Eastern Orthodox Christianity that holds that Divine Wisdom (or Sophia—Greek: σοφία; literally translatable to "wisdom") is to be ...