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In children or adolescents, CBT is an effective part of treatment plans for anxiety disorders, [63] body dysmorphic disorder, [64] depression and suicidality, [65] eating disorders [7] and obesity, [66] obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), [67] and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), [68] tic disorders, trichotillomania, and other ...
Before the 20th century, observations of the relationship between mental health and the physical body began to take place in the world of psychiatry. Between 1917 and 1934, there were developments in treating mental illnesses by physical means. Eventually by 1938, ECT was first used in Italy by neurologist Ugo Cerletti to treat schizophrenia ...
The history of the medications used in mental disorders has developed a lot through years. The discovery of modern drugs prevailed during the 20th century. Lithium, a mood stabilizer, was discovered as a treatment of mania, by John F. Cade in 1949, "and Hammond (1871) used lithium bromide for 'acute mania with depression'". [14]
In the 19th century, one could have ones head examined, literally, using phrenology, the study of the shape of the skull developed by respected anatomist Franz Joseph Gall. Other popular treatments included physiognomy —the study of the shape of the face—and mesmerism , developed by Franz Anton Mesmer —designed to relieve psychological ...
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It was this lack of successful treatment outcomes that forced Wolpe, once a dedicated follower of Freud, to question psychoanalytic therapy and search for more effective treatment options. [4] Wolpe is most well known for his reciprocal inhibition techniques, [ 5 ] particularly systematic desensitization , which revolutionized behavioral therapy.
The 20th century introduced a new psychiatry into the world. Different perspectives of looking at mental disorders began to be introduced. The career of Emil Kraepelin reflects the convergence of different disciplines in psychiatry. [50] Kraepelin initially was very attracted to psychology and ignored the ideas of anatomical psychiatry. [50]
The Kirkbride Plan was a system of mental asylum design advocated by American psychiatrist Thomas Story Kirkbride (1809–1883) in the mid-19th century. The asylums built in the Kirkbride design, often referred to as Kirkbride Buildings (or simply Kirkbrides ), were constructed during the mid-to-late-19th century in the United States.