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A cost-plus contract is often used when performance, quality or delivery time is a much greater concern than cost, such as in the United States space program. [9] Cost plus contracting was expanded to include services such as engineering, consulting, and a variety of other such efforts in the 1980's.
The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan (ICMAP) is a professional accounting body offering qualification and training in management accountancy.. The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan was established in 1951 and was granted statutory status under the Cost and Management Accountants Act, 1966 [1] [2] for the regulation of the profession of Cost and ...
A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values. A problem with a cost overrun can be avoided with a credible, reliable, and accurate cost estimate. A cost ...
Pay-per-Sale Search Engine Marketing is a variant of pay-per-sale, whereby the traffic source is largely search engine traffic, such as that from Google's AdWords "pay-per-click" system. The business model means that merchants no longer bear the cost of " pay-per-click "; instead, the " pay-per-sale " provider takes on the risk of conversion.
Countries are sorted by nominal GDP estimates from financial and statistical institutions, which are calculated at market or government official exchange rates. Nominal GDP does not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results can vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the ...
A Allocation of costs is the transfer of costs from one cost item to one or more other cost items. Allowance - a value in an estimate to cover the cost of known but not yet fully defined work. As-sold estimate - the estimate which matches the agreed items and price for the project scope. B Basis of estimate (BOE) - a document which describes the scope basis, pricing basis, methods ...
Rancho Las Positas was a 8,880-acre (35.9 km 2) Mexican land grant in present-day Alameda County, California given in 1839 by governor Juan Alvarado to Robert Livermore and José Noriega. [1] Las Positas means "little watering holes" in Spanish. The rancho included the present-day city of Livermore. [2] [3]
In the fiscal year 1949–50, Pakistan recorded a national savings rate of 2%, a foreign savings rate of 2%, and an investment rate of 4%. Manufacturing contributed 7.8% to the GDP, while services, trade, and other sectors accounted for a significant 39%, reflecting a policy centered around import-substituting industrialization .