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Patients with spina bifida have a neural tube that has failed to completely form. This is most commonly in the lower back area in the region of the conus medullaris or cauda equina . Therefore, spina bifida affects the bowel similarly to a lower motor neuron spinal cord injury, resulting in a flaccid, unreactive rectal wall.
Obstructed defecation is one of the causes of chronic constipation. [22] ODS is a loose term, [ 20 ] consisting of a constellation of possible symptoms, [ 7 ] caused by multiple, complex [ 23 ] and poorly understood [ 24 ] disorders which may include both functional and organic disorders. [ 18 ]
Hypothyroidism can also cause chronic constipation because of sluggish, slower, or weaker colon contractions. Iron supplements or increased blood calcium levels are also potential causes. Spinal cord injury is a common cause of constipation, due to ileus. [citation needed]
Typical patients will present with a history of constipation, likely chronic constipation. Patient populations vulnerable to chronic constipation include, but are not limited to, the elderly, persons with dementia, those with damage to the autonomic nervous system, infectious diseases, or intestinal vascular compromise. Some patients, due to ...
Dysautonomia, autonomic failure, or autonomic dysfunction is a condition in which the autonomic nervous system (ANS) does not work properly. This condition may affect the functioning of the heart, bladder, intestines, sweat glands, pupils, and blood vessels.
Type 4: The patient is unable to generate and adequate pushing force and demonstrates an absent or incomplete sphincter relaxation. Anismus is classified as a functional defecation disorder. It is also a type of rectal outlet obstruction (a functional outlet obstruction). Where anismus causes constipation, it is an example of functional ...
Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
In chronic constipation of unknown cause, the main treatment involves the increased intake of water and fiber (either dietary or as supplements). [18] The routine use of laxatives or enemas is discouraged, as having bowel movements may come to be dependent upon their use.