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The sousaphone (/ ˈ s uː z ə f oʊ n / SOO-zə-fohn) is a brass musical instrument in the tuba family. Created around 1893 by J. W. Pepper at the direction of American bandleader John Philip Sousa (after whom the instrument was then named), it was designed to be easier to play than the concert tuba while standing or marching, as well as to carry the sound of the instrument above the heads ...
Vagn Holmboe, Tuba Concerto, op. 127 (1976) Helmut Lachenmann, Harmonica (1981–83) Torbjörn Iwan Lundquist, Landscape for tuba, string orchestra and piano (1978) [5] Arild Plau, Concerto for solo tuba and string orchestra (1990) [8] Jan Sandström, Lemon House, Tuba Concerto (2002) Gunther Schuller, Capriccio (1960) [3]
The main tube of a B ♭ tuba is approximately 18 feet (5.5 m) long, while that of a C tuba is 16 feet (4.9 m), of an E ♭ tuba 13 feet (4.0 m), and of an F tuba 12 feet (3.7 m). The instrument has a conical bore , meaning the bore diameter increases as a function of the tubing length from the mouthpiece to the bell.
The sound produced by this instrument has been variously described as "smoky", "metallic", "unearthly" and "majestic". [3] Wagner tubas (or Tenortuben and Basstuben ) are also referred to as Wagnertuben, Waldhorntuben, Bayreuth-tuben, Ring-tuben, or Horn-tuben by German writers, but it is most common to refer to them in English as Wagner tubas.
Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
A distant ancestor of the tuba, the serpent is related to the cornett and was used for bass parts from the 17th to the early 19th centuries. [4] In the early 19th century, keys were added to improve intonation, and several upright variants were developed and used, until they were superseded first by the ophicleide and ultimately by the valved tuba.
The Tuba Concerto is a composition for solo tuba and orchestra by the American composer Jennifer Higdon. The work was commissioned by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra for their principal tubist Craig Knox. It was first performed by Knox and the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra under the conductor Robert Spano on March 16, 2018. [1] [2] [3]
The orchestra is divided into four groups (five if a keyboard instrument is used) and specified as follows: [1] Woodwind instruments: flutes, oboes, clarinets, saxophones (if one or more are needed), bassoons; Brass instruments: horns, trumpets, trombones, tubas; Percussion: timpani, snare drum, bass drum, chimes, etc.