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Diagram of a grape berry, showing the pericarp and its layers Coffee cherries (Coffea arabica) – described as drupes or berries. In botanical language, a berry is a simple fruit having seeds and fleshy pulp (the pericarp) produced from the ovary of a single flower. The ovary can be inferior or superior.
A plant bearing berries is said to be bacciferous or baccate. Berries are eaten worldwide and often used in jams, preserves, cakes, or pies. Some berries are commercially important. The berry industry varies from country to country as do types of berries cultivated or growing in the wild.
A prefix meaning "two", e.g. bisulcate, having two sulci or grooves. biennial A plant which completes its life cycle (i.e. germinates, reproduces, and dies) within two years or growing seasons. Biennial plants usually form a basal rosette of leaves in the first year and then flower and fruit in the second year. bifid
Phytogeography (from Greek φυτόν, phytón = "plant" and γεωγραφία, geographía = "geography" meaning also distribution) or botanical geography is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface. [1]
The strawberry, regardless of its appearance, is classified as a dry, not a fleshy fruit. Botanically, it is not a berry; it is an aggregate-accessory fruit, the latter term meaning the fleshy part is derived not from the plant's ovaries but from the receptacle that holds the ovaries. [23]
One definition of berry requires the endocarp to be less than 2 mm (3 ⁄ 32 in) thick, other fruits with a stony endocarp being drupes. [6] In marginal cases, terms such as drupaceous or drupe-like may be used. [3] [6] The term stone fruit (also stonefruit) can be a synonym for drupe or, more typically, it can mean just the fruit of the genus ...
[2] [3] Examples are the fig, pineapple, mulberry, osage orange, and jackfruit. In contrast, an aggregate fruit such as a raspberry develops from multiple ovaries of a single flower. In languages other than English, the meanings of "multiple" and "aggregate" fruit are reversed, so that multiple fruits merge several pistils within a single flower.
The mother plant develops underground stems called rhizomes, allowing the plant to form a network of rhizomes creating a large patch (called a clone) which is genetically distinct. [3] Floral and leaf buds develop intermittently along the stems of the plant, with each floral bud giving rise to 5–6 flowers and the eventual fruit. [ 3 ]