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Two metrics and on X are strongly or bilipschitz equivalent or uniformly equivalent if and only if there exist positive constants and such that, for every ,, (,) (,) (,).In contrast to the sufficient condition for topological equivalence listed above, strong equivalence requires that there is a single set of constants that holds for every pair of points in , rather than potentially different ...
Elementary equivalence; Equals sign; Equality (mathematics) Equality operator; Equipollence (geometry) Equivalence (measure theory) Equivalence class; Equivalence of categories; Equivalence of metrics; Equivalence relation; Equivalence test; Equivalent definitions of mathematical structures; Equivalent infinitesimal; Equivalent latitude ...
Measurement invariance or measurement equivalence is a statistical property of measurement that indicates that the same construct is being measured across some specified groups. [1] For example, measurement invariance can be used to study whether a given measure is interpreted in a conceptually similar manner by respondents representing ...
In mathematics, exponential equivalence of measures is how two sequences or families of probability measures are "the same" from the point of view of large deviations theory. Definition [ edit ]
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity.
For (,) a measurable space, a sequence μ n is said to converge setwise to a limit μ if = ()for every set .. Typical arrow notations are and .. For example, as a consequence of the Riemann–Lebesgue lemma, the sequence μ n of measures on the interval [−1, 1] given by μ n (dx) = (1 + sin(nx))dx converges setwise to Lebesgue measure, but it does not converge in total variation.
James Clerk Maxwell played a major role in developing the concept of a coherent CGS system and in extending the metric system to include electrical units. Each variant of the metric system has a degree of coherence—the derived units are directly related to the base units without the need for intermediate conversion factors. [18]
An equivalence class of such metrics is known as a conformal metric or conformal class. Thus, a conformal metric may be regarded as a metric that is only defined "up to scale". Often conformal metrics are treated by selecting a metric in the conformal class, and applying only "conformally invariant" constructions to the chosen metric.