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The Scramble for Africa [a] was the conquest and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers driven by the Second Industrial Revolution during the late 19th century and early 20th century in the era of "New Imperialism": Belgium, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
This became one of the major cities of Hellenistic and Roman times, a trading and cultural centre as well as a military headquarters and communications hub. Phoenicians established several colonies along the coast of North Africa. Some of these were founded relatively early. For example, Utica was founded c. 1100 BC. Carthage, which means New ...
Name Year Colonial power Morocco: 1912 France [1]: Libya: 1911 Italy [2]: Fulani Empire: 1903 France and the United Kingdom: Swaziland: 1902 United Kingdom [3]: Ashanti Confederacy: 1900 ...
The Ideological Scramble for Africa: How the Pursuit of Anticolonial Modernity Shaped a Postcolonial Order (1945–1966) (Cornell University Press, 2023). ISBN 9781501767913. Major scholarly coverage of British, French and Portuguese colonies. see online reviews and reply by author; Milford, Ismay.
Évolués in the Belgian Congo studying medicine.. Western European colonialism and colonization was the Western European policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over other societies and territories, founding a colony, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
French colonies (dark blue) fought alongside the Allies until the Fall of France in June 1940. Vichy was in control until the Free French prevailed in late 1942. Portuguese (dark green) and Spanish (yellow) colonies remained neutral. Africa was a large continent whose geography gave it strategic importance during the war.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 February 2025. Colonial expansion in late 19th and early 20th centuries "Neoimperialism" redirects here. For indirect imperialism and colonial practices following decolonization, see Neocolonialism. For broader coverage of this topic, see Imperialism. This article has multiple issues. Please help ...
Webster's Encyclopedic Dictionary defines colonialism as "the system or policy of a nation seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories". [2] The Merriam-Webster Dictionary offers four definitions, including "something characteristic of a colony" and "control by one power over a dependent area or people". [25]