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Behavior when the collection is empty varies – most often this yields an underflow error, identically to a pop on an empty collection, but some implementations provide a function which instead simply returns (without error), essentially implementing if isempty then return, else peek. This behavior can be axiomatized in various ways.
The dynamic array approach uses a variant of a dynamic array that can grow from both ends, sometimes called array deques. These array deques have all the properties of a dynamic array, such as constant-time random access , good locality of reference , and inefficient insertion/removal in the middle, with the addition of amortized constant-time ...
For example, Perl and Ruby allow pushing and popping an array from both ends, so one can use push and shift functions to enqueue and dequeue a list (or, in reverse, one can use unshift and pop), [2] although in some cases these operations are not efficient.
is_empty: check whether the queue has no elements. insert_with_priority: add an element to the queue with an associated priority. pull_highest_priority_element: remove the element from the queue that has the highest priority, and return it. This is also known as "pop_element(Off)", "get_maximum_element" or "get_front(most)_element".
For arrays, it indicates that the elements should be used as the parameters in a function call or the items in an array literal. For objects, it can be used for merging objects together or overriding properties.
[6] [7] The heap array is assumed to have its first element at index 1. // Push a new item to a (max) heap and then extract the root of the resulting heap. // heap: an array representing the heap, indexed at 1 // item: an element to insert // Returns the greater of the two between item and the root of heap.
The start and end indexes alone are not enough to distinguish between buffer full or empty state while also utilizing all buffer slots, [5] but can be if the buffer only has a maximum in-use size of Length − 1. [6] In this case, the buffer is empty if the start and end indexes are equal and full when the in-use size is Length − 1.
In computer science, the word dequeue can be used as: A verb meaning "to remove from a queue" An abbreviation for double-ended queue (more commonly, deque