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Orchitis can be related to epididymitis infection that has spread to the testicles (then called "epididymo-orchitis"), sometimes caused by the sexually transmitted infections chlamydia and gonorrhea. It has also been reported in cases of males infected with brucellosis. [2] Orchitis can also be seen during active mumps, particularly in ...
Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the epididymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle. [1] Onset of pain is typically over a day or two. [ 1 ] The pain may improve with raising the testicle. [ 1 ]
Chronic scrotal pain (pain for greater than 3 months) may occur due to several underlying conditions. [3] It occurs in 15-19% of men post vasectomy, due to infections such as epididymitis, prostatitis, and orchitis, as well as varicocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, polyarteritis nodosa, testicular torsion, previous surgery and trauma. [3]
Most cases of epididymitis are secondary to sexually transmitted disease or retrograde bacteria infection from the urinary bladder. [6] The infection usually begins in the epididymal tail and spreads to the epididymal body and head. Approximately 20% to 40% of cases are associated with orchitis due to direct spread of infection into the testis.
Testicular torsion may also be caused by trauma to the scrotum or exercise (in particular, bicycle riding); [10] however, only about 4–8% of cases are the result of trauma. [1] [2] There is thought to be a possible genetic basis for predisposition to torsion, based on multiple published reports of familial testicular torsion. [10]
This is a shortened version of the tenth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Genitourinary System. It covers ICD codes 580 to 629. The full chapter can be found on pages 329 to 353 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
According to Prehn's sign, the physical lifting of the testicles relieves the pain of epididymitis but not pain caused by testicular torsion. [ 4 ] Negative Prehn's sign indicates no pain relief with lifting the affected testicle, which points towards testicular torsion which is a surgical emergency and must be relieved within 6 hours.
Post-vasectomy pain syndrome (PVPS) is a chronic and sometimes debilitating genital pain condition that may develop immediately or several years after vasectomy. [1] [2] [3] Because this condition is a syndrome, there is no single treatment method, therefore efforts focus on mitigating/relieving the individual patient's specific pain.