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The discipline of medical entomology, or public health entomology, and also veterinary entomology is focused upon insects and arthropods that impact human health. Veterinary entomology is included in this category, because many animal diseases can "jump species" and become a human health threat, for example, bovine encephalitis.
It is a typical component of modern medical care throughout East Asia and in some parts of Southeast Asia (such as Thailand). Insects are very commonly incorporated as part of the herbal medicine component of traditional Chinese medicine, and their medical properties and applications are broadly accepted and agreed upon. Some brief examples follow:
The "Spanish fly", Lytta vesicatoria, has been considered to have medicinal, aphrodisiac, and other properties. Human interactions with insects include both a wide variety of uses, whether practical such as for food, textiles, and dyestuffs, or symbolic, as in art, music, and literature, and negative interactions including damage to crops and extensive efforts to control insect pests.
Two medically important spider genera have a worldwide distribution—Latrodectus and Loxosceles. Others have a limited distribution. Medical reports have been criticized for poor evidence. [2] In the last century, both white tailed and wolf spiders were considered medically significant, only to be recanted. [3]
Medical and veterinary entomology have a strong link to economic entomology. Insects pose both benefits as well as disadvantages to medical and veterinary applications, to humans and to livestock. Insect pests or beneficial ones alike have direct and indirect effects on the economy.
As members of the genus Macrothele — which is composed of 49 known species — both spiders have venom that is regarded as “medically significant,” researchers said.
A neuron (green and white) in an insect brain (blue) Insect cognition describes the mental capacities and study of those capacities in insects. The field developed from comparative psychology where early studies focused more on animal behavior. [1] Researchers have examined insect cognition in bees, fruit flies, and wasps. [2] [3]
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