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The 42nd Amendment added new Directive Principles, viz. Article 39A, Article 43A and Article 48A. [17] The 42nd Amendment gave primacy to the Directive Principles, by stating that "no law implementing any of the Directive Principles could be declared unconstitutional on the grounds that it violated any of the Fundamental Rights".
Before the term was added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, the Constitution had socialist content in the form of certain Directive Principles of State Policy. The term socialist used here refers to social democracy, i.e. achievement of socialist goals through democratic, evolutionary and non-violent means.
[c] [33] With 12 schedules [d] and five appendices, [33] [50] it has been amended 105 times; the latest amendment became effective on 15 August 2021. The constitution's articles are grouped into the following parts: Preamble, [51] with the words "socialist", "secular" and 'integrity' added in 1976 by the 42nd amendment [52] [53]
Added the words "or co-operative societies" after the word "or unions" in Article 19(l)(c) and insertion of article 43B i.e., Promotion of Co-operative Societies and added Part-IXB i.e., The Co-operative Societies. In July 2021 Supreme Court Struck Part of the amendment as it was not ratified by the states. [106]
Union of India case, Supreme Court ruled that 42nd Amendment Act to the Article 31C is not valid and ultra vires. Articles 38 (2), was added by the Forty-fourth Amendment Act, 1978 of the Constitution; Articles 39A, which directs the state to secure Equal justice and free legal aid, was added by the Forty-second Amendment Act, 1976 of the ...
Article 31C, added by the 25th Amendment in 1971, provided that any law made to give effect to the Directive Principles in Article 39(b)–(c) would not be invalid on the grounds that they derogated from the Fundamental Rights conferred by Articles 14, 19 and 21.
The post 25 New Words Added to the Dictionary for 2021 appeared first on Reader's Digest. Word nerds, unite! Merriam-Webster added more than 500 definitions to the dictionary this year. Which one ...
The 42nd Amendment (1976) made it explicit that the President shall, "act in accordance with such advice". The amendment went into effect from 3 January 1977. [2] [1] The 44th Amendment (1978) however added that the President can send the advice back for reconsideration once. But if the Council of Ministers sends the same advice again to the ...