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There are a number of threat actors including: cyber criminals, nation-state actors, ideologues, thrill seekers/trolls, insiders, and competitors. [3] These threat actors all have distinct motivations, techniques, targets, and uses of stolen data. [4] See Advanced persistent threats for a list of identified threat actors.
An advanced persistent threat (APT) is a stealthy threat actor, typically a state or state-sponsored group, which gains unauthorized access to a computer network and remains undetected for an extended period. [1] [2] In recent times, the term may also refer to non-state-sponsored groups conducting large-scale targeted intrusions for specific ...
In 2015 Kaspersky's research findings on the Equation Group noted that its loader, "GrayFish", had similarities to a previously discovered loader, "Gauss", from another attack series, and separately noted that the Equation Group used two zero-day attacks later used in Stuxnet; the researchers concluded that "the similar type of usage of both exploits together in different computer worms, at ...
The following criteria of violence or threat of violence fall outside of the definition of this article: Wartime (including a declared war ) or peacetime acts of violence committed by a nation state against another nation state regardless of legality or illegality and are carried out by properly uniformed forces or legal combatants of such ...
The United States legal definition of terrorism excludes acts done by recognized states. [10] [11] According to U.S. law (22 U.S.C. 2656f(d)(2)) [12] terrorism is defined as "premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience".
Fancy Bear's targets have included Eastern European governments and militaries, the country of Georgia and the Caucasus, Ukraine, [25] security-related organizations such as NATO, as well as US defense contractors Academi (formerly known as Blackwater and Xe Services), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), [26] Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and Raytheon. [25]
The Department of State, along with the United States Department of the Treasury, also has the authority to designate individuals and entities as subject to counter-terrorism sanctions according to Executive Order 13224. The Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) maintains a separate list of such individuals and entities. [1] [2]
Convicted computer criminals are people who are caught and convicted of computer crimes such as breaking into computers or computer networks. [1] Computer crime can be broadly defined as criminal activity involving information technology infrastructure, including illegal access (unauthorized access), illegal interception (by technical means of non-public transmissions of computer data to, from ...