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The first chips that could be considered microprocessors were designed and manufactured in the late 1960s and early 1970s, including the MP944 used in the Grumman F-14 CADC. [1] Intel's 4004 of 1971 is widely regarded as the first commercial microprocessor. [2]
While there is disagreement over who invented the microprocessor, [2] [14] the first commercially available microprocessor was the Intel 4004, released as a single MOS LSI chip in 1971. [15] The single-chip microprocessor was made possible with the development of MOS silicon-gate technology (SGT). [16]
He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1996 [17] and received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2009 from President Barack Obama. He was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum in 2009 "for his work as part of the team that developed the Intel 4004, the world's first commercial microprocessor."
He began to consider whether a truly general-purpose processor could be made cheaply enough to be used in a calculator. [9] When later asked where he got the ideas for the architecture of the first microprocessor, Hoff related that Plessey , "a British tractor company", [ 10 ] had donated a minicomputer to Stanford , and he had "played with it ...
Gary Arlen Kildall (/ ˈ k ɪ l d ˌ ɔː l /; May 19, 1942 – July 11, 1994) was an American computer scientist and microcomputer entrepreneur. During the 1970s, Kildall created the CP/M operating system among other operating systems and programming tools, [5] and subsequently founded Digital Research, Inc. to market and sell his software products.
He was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1978 "for his contributions to the silicon integrated circuit, a cornerstone of modern electronics." [44] [45] In 1979, he was awarded the National Medal of Science. He also received Faraday Medal in 1979. Noyce was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1980. [46]
Lynn Ann Conway (January 2, 1938 – June 9, 2024) was an American computer scientist, electrical engineer, and transgender activist.. In the 1960s, while working at IBM, Conway invented generalized dynamic instruction handling, a key advancement used in out-of-order execution, used by most modern computer processors to improve performance.
He invented the term "bit". [57] 1936 Turing, Alan: Made several fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science, including the Turing machine computational model, the conceiving of the stored program concept and the designing of the high-speed ACE design.