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Estimates on the prevalence of propylene glycol allergy range from 0.8% (10% propylene glycol in aqueous solution) to 3.5% (30% propylene glycol in aqueous solution). [ 70 ] [ 71 ] [ 72 ] The North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data from 1996 to 2006 showed that the most common site for propylene glycol contact dermatitis was the ...
Bepanthen eye and nose ointment (Germany) A vial of nasal spray containing panthenol, manufactured in Italy In pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal-care products, panthenol is a moisturizer and humectant, used in ointments, lotions, shampoos, nasal sprays, eye drops, lozenges, and cleaning solutions for contact lenses.
Several other skin preparations have been shown to be potentially ototoxic in the animal model. These preparations include acetic acid, propylene glycol, quaternary ammonium compounds, and any alcohol-based preparations. However, it is difficult to extrapolate these results to human ototoxicity because the human round window membrane is much ...
About 20% to 27% of propylene glycol and glycerin-based liquid particles are inhaled. [226] A 2016 study reported that 6% of nicotine, 8% of propylene glycol, and 16% of glycerin was exhaled. [75]: 162 As of 2014 the long-term effects of inhaled propylene glycol [202] [174] and glycerin were unknown. [197]
Alcohol and propylene glycol present in some topical preparations may dry the scalp, resulting in dandruff and contact dermatitis. [ 21 ] Side effects of oral minoxidil may include swelling of the face and extremities, rapid heartbeat, or lightheadedness.
Common causes of allergic contact dermatitis include: nickel allergy, 14K or 18K gold, Balsam of Peru (Myroxylon pereirae), and chromium. In the Americas they include the oily, urushiol-containing coating from plants of the genus Toxicodendron: poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Millions of cases occur each year in North America alone. [10]
Ethylene glycol (when ingested) 107-21-1 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether: 110-80-5 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate: 111-15-9 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether: 109-86-4 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate: 110-49-6 Ethyleneimine (Aziridine) 151-56-4 Ethylene oxide: 75-21-8 Ethylene thiourea: 96-45-7 Ethyl methanesulfonate: 62-50-0 ...
Metronidazole is also generally thought to inhibit the liver metabolism of propylene glycol (found in some foods, medicines, and in many electronic cigarette e-liquids), thus propylene glycol may potentially have similar interaction effects with metronidazole. [medical citation needed]