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The retreat of glaciers since 1850 is a well-documented effect of climate change. The retreat of mountain glaciers provide evidence for the rise in global temperatures since the late 19th century.
Glacial retreat refers to the process of a glacier shrinking or receding in size over time. This occurs when the amount of ice melting or sublimating from the glacier exceeds the amount of new snow or ice accumulation. The causes of glacial retreat can be complex and are often interrelated.
The retreat of glaciers (see PDF at end of page) in Glacier National Park, Montana, has received widespread attention by the media, the public, and scientists because it is a clear and poignant indicator of change in the northern Rocky Mountains of the USA.
A glacier diminishing or retreating in size over time as a result of less ice accumulating on it or more ice melting is referred to as glacial retreat. The vast majority of instances of rapid glacial retreat are very certainly the result of anthropogenic activities leading to global climate change.
The Holocene glacial retreat is a geographical phenomenon that involved the global retreat of glaciers (deglaciation) that previously had advanced during the Last Glacial Maximum. Ice sheet retreat initiated ca. 19,000 years ago and accelerated after ca. 15,000 years ago.
Today, many alpine glaciers are in rapid retreat, but it’s not because of ice age cycles. This round of melting is likely being caused by human activities. On a warm morning in August 2024, glaciologist Mauri Pelto stood below the Easton Glacier on the flanks of Mount Baker in northern Washington.
Glacial retreat leaves boulders and masses of scraped-together rocky debris and soil called glacial moraines. Large temporary lakes of glacial meltwater may rupture, causing catastrophic floods and even shifting global climate by dumping freshwater into the oceans and so altering their circulation.
Glacier retreat refers to the process where glaciers lose more snow and ice through melting than they gain, leading to a reduction in their size and mass. This phenomenon is primarily driven by atmospheric warming and has significant impacts on water availability, ecosystems, and economic sectors like tourism and mining.