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It's characterized by plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries. Don't get it twisted, ... "Vascular plaque, also referred to as atherosclerosis, can occur in any blood vessel. It is common to ...
The fibro-lipid (fibro-fatty) plaque is characterized by an accumulation of lipid-laden cells underneath the intima of the arteries, typically without narrowing the lumen due to compensatory expansion of the bounding muscular layer of the artery wall. Beneath the endothelium, there is a "fibrous cap" covering the atheromatous "core" of the plaque.
Foam cells are very small in size and can only be truly detected by examining a fatty plaque under a microscope after it is removed from the body, or more specifically from the heart. Detection usually involves the staining of sections of aortic sinus or artery with Oil Red O (ORO) followed by computer imaging and analysis; or from Nile Red ...
Two causes are vascular changes as a result of tissue damage (e.g. disease, hypoxic injury), and chronic hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. If left untreated, then death may result. The heart and lungs are intricately related; whenever the heart is affected by a disease, the lungs risk following and vice versa. [citation needed]
This is a type of heart valve disease in which the pulmonary artery, the vessel connecting the heart to the lungs, is too narrow or thick. Atrial septal defect. An atrial septal defect is a hole ...
A stroke is the rapid decline of brain function due to a disturbance in the supply of blood to the brain. [13] This can be due to ischemia, thrombus, embolus (a lodged particle) or hemorrhage (a bleed). [13] In thrombotic stroke, a thrombus (blood clot) usually forms around atherosclerotic plaques. Since blockage of the artery is gradual, the ...
The most frequent cause of MI is the rupturing of an atherosclerotic plaque formed in CAD. Plaque rupture exposes the subendothelial matrix beneath the plaque, initiating thrombus formation within the vasculature. [7] The thrombus deposits on the ruptured plaque to completely block the coronary artery, halting oxygen supply to cardiomyocytes.
Chest pain due to coronary ischemia commonly radiates to the arm or neck. [7] Certain individuals such as women, diabetics, and the elderly may present with more varied symptoms. [ 8 ] If blood flow through the coronary arteries is stopped completely, cardiac muscle cells may die, known as a myocardial infarction, or heart attack.