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Thermochromic ink (also called thermochromatic ink) is a type of dye that changes color in response to a change in temperature. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It was first used in the 1970s in novelty toys like mood rings, but has found some practical uses in things such as thermometers, product packaging, and pens. [ 4 ]
Thermochromic inks or dyes are temperature sensitive compounds, developed in the 1970s, that temporarily change color with exposure to heat. They come in two forms, liquid crystals and leuco dyes . Leuco dyes are easier to work with and allow for a greater range of applications.
Left: individual linear polymer chains Right: Polymer chains which have been cross linked to give a rigid 3D thermoset polymer. In materials science, a thermosetting polymer, often called a thermoset, is a polymer that is obtained by irreversibly hardening ("curing") a soft solid or viscous liquid prepolymer (). [1]
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
Most thermal printers are monochrome (black and white) although some two-color designs exist. Grayscale is usually rasterized because it can only be adjusted by temperature control. [3] Thermal-transfer printing is a different method, using plain paper with a heat-sensitive ribbon instead of heat-sensitive paper, but using similar print heads ...
Thermal-transfer printing is done by melting wax within the print heads of a specialized printer. The thermal-transfer print process utilises three main components: a non-movable print head, a carbon ribbon (the ink) and a substrate to be printed, which would typically be paper, synthetics, card or textile materials.
The diameter is often measured by a laser beam(not melting) as part of a quality control mechanism to ensure correct diameter of the filament. The filament is then fed through a warm water tank which cools the filament which gives the filament its round shape. The filament is then fed through a cold water tank to cool it to room temperature.
Iron gall ink (also known as common ink, standard ink, oak gall ink or iron gall nut ink) is a purple-black or brown-black ink made from iron salts and tannic acids from vegetable sources. It was the standard ink formulation used in Europe for the 1400-year period between the 5th and 19th centuries, remained in widespread use well into the 20th ...