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The history of Argentina during World War II was a complex period that began in 1939, after the outbreak of the war in Europe, and ended in 1945 with the surrender of the Empire of Japan. Before the start of World War II in 1939, Argentina had maintained a long tradition of neutrality regarding European wars, which had been upheld and defended ...
During World War II, Spain was governed by an autocratic government, [4] but despite Franco's own pro-Axis leanings and debt of gratitude to Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler, the government was divided between Germanophiles and Anglophiles.
The Oxford Companion to World War II (2005), comprehensive encyclopedia for all countries; Eccles, Karen E. and Debbie McCollin, eds. World War II and the Caribbean (2017) excerpt; Frank, Gary. Struggle for hegemony in South America: Argentina, Brazil, and the United States during the Second World War (Routledge, 2021). Friedman, Max Paul.
The origins of the first ratlines are connected to various developments in Vatican-Argentine relations before and during World War II. [7] As early as 1942, the Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Luigi Maglione – evidently at the behest of Pope Pius XII – contacted an ambassador of Argentina regarding that country's willingness to accept European Catholic immigrants in a timely manner ...
In addition, foreign banks regulated credit in Argentina and controlled the international transport of Argentine exports. [7] By 1946, Argentina found itself with significant reserves of gold and foreign currencies originating from exports during the World War II. The accumulation of a favorable balance in the trade balance in the form of gold ...
Argentina's defeat caused the collapse of the military junta. 1990s: Argentina became greatly involved in UN peacekeeping missions around the world. In contrast, president Menem disarms the country. 1991: Argentine Navy ships and Air Force transport aircraft participated in the 1991 Gulf War. Argentina was the only Latin American country in the ...
These de facto dictators termed their government program the "National Reorganization Process"; and "Dirty War" (Spanish: guerra sucia) is the name used by the military junta or civic-military dictatorship of Argentina (Spanish: dictadura cívico-militar de Argentina) for this period of state terrorism in Argentina [56] as part of Operation Condor.
The neutral powers were countries that remained neutral during World War II.Some of these countries had large colonies abroad or had great economic power. Spain had just been through its civil war, which ended on 1 April 1939 (five months prior to the invasion of Poland)—a war that involved several countries that subsequently participated in World War II.