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Air pollution can occur naturally or be caused by human activities. [4] Air pollution causes around 7 or 8 million deaths each year. [5] [6] It is a significant risk factor for a number of pollution-related diseases, including heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer.
COMEAP's periodic reports often make headline news on issues such as how many people die from air pollution, [2] [3] and the connections between air pollution and disease. [4] In 2001, COMEAP warned that long-term exposure to particulates increases risk of premature death, especially from cardiovascular disease . [ 5 ]
The risk of air pollution is determined by the pollutant's hazard and the amount of exposure that affects a person. [36] For example, a child who plays outdoor sports will have a higher likelihood of outdoor air pollution exposure than an adult who tends to spend more time indoors, whether at work or elsewhere. [36]
Household air pollution (HAP) is a significant form of indoor air pollution mostly relating to cooking and heating methods used in developing countries. [1] Since much of the cooking is carried out with biomass fuel , in the form of wood , charcoal , dung , and crop residue , in indoor environments that lack proper ventilation, millions of ...
Environmental medicine is concerned primarily with prevention. Food-borne infections or infections that are water-borne (e.g. cholera and gastroenteritis caused by norovirus or campylobacteria) are typical concerns of environmental medicine, but some opinions in the fields of microbiology hold that the viruses, bacteria and fungi that they study are not within the scope of environmental ...
Eco-health studies differ from traditional, single-discipline studies, which focus on one aspect of a complex issue. A traditional epidemiological study may show increasing rates of malaria in a region, but not address the reasons for the increasing rate; an environmental health study may recommend the application of a pesticide in specific amounts in certain areas to reduce spread; an ...
There are five types of air pollution dispersion models, as well as some hybrids of the five types: [1] Box model – The box model is the simplest of the model types. [2] It assumes the airshed (i.e., a given volume of atmospheric air in a geographical region) is in the shape of a box.
The ACS study correlated air pollution data, lifestyle factors, and death records for a sample of 552,138 adults in 151 urban areas followed over a 16-year period and concluded, just as the original had done, that breathing particulate pollution increases a person's risk of death: "Particulate air pollution was associated with cardiopulmonary ...