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The Provisional Government of Free India or, more simply, Azad Hind, [3] [4] was a short-lived Japanese-controlled provisional government in India. [5] It was established in Japanese occupied Singapore during World War II in October 1943 and has been considered a puppet state of the Empire of Japan.
In October 1943, Bose proclaimed the formation of the Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, or the Provisional Government of Free India (also known as Azad Hind or Free India). The INA was declared to be the army of Azad Hind. [69]
The Azad Hind stamps are a set of prepared but never issued stamps for the planned Provisional Government of Free India under Subhas Chandra Bose. All stamps were printed by photogravure in sheets of 100 at the Reichsdruckerei, the Government Printing Bureau in Berlin. [1] The smaller nominal values of the Azad Hind stamps.
A ceremony marking the establishment of the Provisional Government of Free India held by the Free India Centre in Berlin, with soldiers of the Indian Legion and German and Indian dignitaries present. The Free India Centre (German: Zentrale Freies Indien) was the European branch of the Azad Hind, provisional government led by Subhas Chandra Bose.
Rash Behari Bose built the Indian National Army (also called 'Azad Hind Fauj'). Prior to his death caused by tuberculosis, the Japanese Government honoured him with the Order of the Rising Sun (2nd grade). [citation needed]
After the fall of Rangoon and the withdrawal of the Azad Hind government and Subhas Chandra Bose from the city and through Burma, the troops originating from Burma were allowed to disband, while the remainder of the regiment retreated along with the retreating Japanese forces on foot and, when available, on mechanised transport.
During his trip, the Japanese were still arresting and torturing members of Azad Hind. After Bose had left, on 30 January 1944, 44 Indians, the majority of them being part of the Indian Independence League, were accused of spying and shot in what was known as the Homfreyganj Massacre.
The Azad Hind Dal was a branch of the Indian Independence League that was formed during World War II to take administrative control of the Indian territories to fall to the Indian National Army starting with the latter's Imphal campaign.