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In agriculture, leaching is the loss of water-soluble plant nutrients from the soil, due to rain and irrigation. Soil structure , crop planting, type and application rates of fertilizers , and other factors are taken into account to avoid excessive nutrient loss.
The specific heat of pure water is ~ 1 calorie per gram, the specific heat of dry soil is ~ 0.2 calories per gram, hence, the specific heat of wet soil is ~ 0.2 to 1 calories per gram (0.8 to 4.2 kJ per kilogram). [90] Also, a tremendous energy (~584 cal/g or 2442 kJ/kg at 25 °C) is required to evaporate water (known as the heat of ...
Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs.To be taken up by a plant, a nutrient element must be located near the root surface; however, the supply of nutrients in contact with the root is rapidly depleted within a distance of ca. 2 mm. [14] There are three basic mechanisms whereby nutrient ions dissolved in the soil solution are brought ...
In the soil, acidification reduces microbial and macrofaunal diversity. [31] This can reduce soil structure decline which makes it more sensitive to erosion. There are less nutrients available in the soil, larger impact of toxic elements to plants, and consequences to soil biological functions (such as nitrogen fixation). [32]
In pedology, leaching is the removal of soluble materials from one zone in soil to another via water movement in the profile. [1] It is a mechanism of soil formation distinct from the soil forming process of eluviation , which is the loss of mineral and organic colloids .
Owing to irregular distribution of salt in the soil or to irregularity of the soil structure (figure 2), the leaching efficiency (E L) can be different from unity. Soils with a low leaching efficiency are difficult to reclaim. In the Tagus delta, Portugal, the leaching efficiency of the dense clay soil was found as low as 0.10 to 0.15. [4]
Red soils are typically difficult for crop cultivation because high leaching leads to low water holding capacity, low nutrients, low organic matter , and acidification. [1] Fluctuations in the concentration of iron within red soil are found to have significant implications on its fertility and growth properties. The fertility of red soils can ...
Leaching can occur naturally seen from plant substances (inorganic and organic), [2] [3] solute leaching in soil, [4] and in the decomposition of organic materials. [5] Leaching can also be applied affectedly to enhance water quality and contaminant removal, [ 1 ] [ 6 ] as well as for disposal of hazardous waste products such as fly ash , [ 7 ...