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Ostrich eggshell beads, considered among the earliest ornaments created by Homo sapiens, [1] [2] represent some of the most ancient fully manufactured beads. [3] Archaeologists have traced their origins back to the Late Pleistocene , with evidence suggesting they were crafted as early as 75,000 years ago in Africa. [ 4 ]
Direct dating on Achatina shell and ostrich eggshell beads indicates that the oldest human burials at Mlambalasi (and thus the earliest occupation levels) are from the terminal Pleistocene. [2] Mlambalasi is characterized by interment in the LSA and Iron Age periods, as well as by cycles of use and abandonment. [2]
Thirteen complete ostrich eggshell beads, 12 bead preforms, and 593 shells fragments were found in this layer. Charcoal found in DBL1.2 dated the layer to about 35,800 BP, and ostrich eggshells were dated DBL1.3 to 39,900 BP. Such a large amount of ostrich eggshell beads and evidence of manufacturing suggests a period of high occupation.
1 gold disk-shaped pendant 2. gold falcon pendant 3. gold goddess pendant 4. faience beads 5. rock crystal beads 6. agate beads 7. faience beads 8. ostrich eggshell beads 9. silver bracelets 10. gold scrap 11. gold chalice 12. accreted mass of tiny faience beads 13. silver scrap
However, it is known that ostrich did live in this region of Africa. In general, ostrich bones are not well represented in the archaeological record. Ostrich most likely provided a variety of resources to the people of R12. Ostrich feathers were made into ornaments or fans. Ostrich eggs were used as food, vessels, and beads. [8]
[23] [24] Ostrich egg shell containers engraved with geometric designs dating to 60,000 years ago were found at Diepkloof, South Africa. [25] Beads and other personal ornamentation have been found from Morocco which might be as much as 130,000 years old; as well, the Cave of Hearths in South Africa has yielded a number of beads dating from ...
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