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A coloboma (from the Greek κολόβωμα, meaning "defect") [1] is a hole in one of the structures of the eye, such as the iris, retina, choroid, or optic disc.The hole is present from birth and can be caused when a gap called the choroid fissure, which is present during early stages of prenatal development, fails to close up completely before a child is born.
Coloboma of optic nerve is a rare defect of the optic nerve that causes moderate to severe visual field defects. Coloboma of the optic nerve is a congenital anomaly of the optic disc in which there is a defect of the inferior aspect of the optic nerve. The issue stems from incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure while in utero.
"However, sometimes coloboma of the iris affects how the image gets to the back of the eye, and the brain can start to turn the eye off. It can be associated with a decrease in vision."
A coloboma is the failure to close the choroid fissure, which is the opening from the ventral side of the retina in the optic stalk. [5] Despite the similarities with coloboma and morning glory anomaly, significant differences exist such that optic disc dysplasia cannot be classified as either one entity. [6]
The coloboma which occurs often in facial clefts is a cleft in the lower or upper eyelid. This should be closed as soon as possible, to prevent drought of the eye and a consecutive loss of vision. [ 24 ]
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CHARGE syndrome (formerly known as CHARGE association) is a rare syndrome caused by a genetic disorder.First described in 1979, the acronym "CHARGE" came into use for newborn children with the congenital features of coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the nasal choanae, restricted growth or development, genital or urinary abnormalities, and ear abnormalities and deafness. [1]
Optic pits occur equally between men and women. They are seen in roughly 1 in 10,000 eyes, and approximately 85% of optic pits are found to be unilateral (i.e. in only one eye of any affected individual). About 70% are found on the temporal side (or lateral one-half) of the optic disc. Another 20% are found centrally, while the remaining pits ...