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Industrially this reaction is exploited both with hydroquinone itself but more often with its derivatives where one OH has been replaced by an amine. When colorless hydroquinone and benzoquinone, a bright yellow solid, are cocrystallized in a 1:1 ratio, a dark-green crystalline charge-transfer complex ( melting point 171 °C) called quinhydrone ...
Quinones undergo addition reaction to form 1,4-addition products. [10] An example of 1,4-addition reaction is the addition of hydrogen chloride to form chlorohydroquinone: 1,4-addition reaction of quinone with hydrogen chloride to produce chlorohydroquinone. Quinones can undergo Diels–Alder reactions. [10]
The Dakin oxidation is an organic redox reaction in which an ortho- or para-hydroxylated phenyl aldehyde (−CH=O) or ketone (>C=O) reacts with hydrogen peroxide in base to form a benzenediol and a carboxylate. Overall, the carbonyl group (C=O) is oxidized, and the hydrogen peroxide is reduced.
This page was last edited on 30 December 2018, at 23:15 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
The spray is produced from a reaction between two hypergolic chemical compounds, hydroquinone and hydrogen peroxide, which are stored in two reservoirs in the beetle's abdomen. When the aqueous solution of hydroquinones and hydrogen peroxide reaches the " vestibule " ( Eisner 's word), catalysts facilitate the decomposition of the hydrogen ...
Gentisic acid is produced by carboxylation of hydroquinone. [6] C 6 H 4 (OH) 2 + CO 2 → C 6 H 3 (CO 2 H)(OH) 2. This conversion is an example of a Kolbe–Schmitt reaction. Alternatively the compound can be synthesized from salicylic acid via Elbs persulfate oxidation. [7] [8]
The resulting hydroquinone is poorly soluble in typical reaction solvents (dioxane, benzene, alkanes), which facilitates workup. Solutions of DDQ in benzene are red, due to the formation of a charge-transfer complex. [9]
Resonance structures of a semiquinone. Semiquinones (or ubisemiquinones, if their origin is ubiquinone) are free radicals resulting from the removal of one hydrogen atom with its electron during the process of dehydrogenation of a hydroquinone, such as hydroquinone itself or catechol, to a quinone or alternatively the addition of a single hydrogen atom with its electron to a quinone. [1]