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[6] [7] For example standard test methods for visually inspecting and grading fabrics (ASTM D5430) [8] and four-point system. Today, the 4-point system is the most commonly used fabric inspection system which as implied by the name, works with a 1 to 4 deduction system in which the highest defect rating is 4 points. [ 9 ]
The fabric needs vary greatly depending on the application. Similar types of fabric may not be suitable for all applications. [21]: 18 Fabric weight or GSM is an important parameter while producing different fabrics. A carpet requires a fabric with 1300 GSM, but a robe may be made with 160 GSM.
A small sample, usually taken from existing fabric, is called a swatch, whilst a larger sample, made as a trial to test print production methods, is called a strike off. For plain-dyed fabrics it is called a lab-dip, and for yarn-dyed fabrics (like stripes and checks), it is called a handloom. [1]
The supporting fabric can be removed by rolling it out from under the textile item as it is laid out on the glass, bit by bit. This can stress the fibres: this method cannot be used on any old textile that is likely to be damaged by the handling. Such fabrics are allowed to dry first, then lay them on the glass and wet them in place.
Methods can include stitching, darning, reweaving, and the attachment of supports through overlays and underlays. [2] Hand-sewing follows the mantra of “gently does it” using fine needles, supple yarns, and a light touch. [3] Heavily damaged and fragile fabrics often require stabilization through adhesive consolidation, though this is less ...
While fabric cleaning and maintenance may be simplified, some wearers experience decreased comfort. Dimensional stability (fabric), also known as shrinkage in fabrics is the change of dimensions in textile products when they are washed or relaxed. Durable water repellent, is a functional finish to make fabrics water-resistant (hydrophobic).
Knowledge of insect and fungi identification and disinfestation or disinfection methods, including integrated pest management (IPM) Knowledge of proper storage, storage systems, and materials; Ability to determine object's fragility; Ability to perform risk analysis; Sewing abilities/skills; Object handling training and skills
Fabric softeners impart soft hand feel to the treated fabrics. [3] Silk surfacing a surface finishing of cotton to obtain an appearance similar to silk. [8] Plissé is chemical finish in which the fabrics are treated with sodium hydroxide to obtain a puckering effect. [9] Deweighting, or weight reduction, is a treatment for polyester to make it ...