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  2. Enlightenment in Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain

    Spanish scholars sought to understand the decline of the Spanish empire from its earlier glory days, with the aim of reclaiming its former prestige. [2] In Spanish America, the Enlightenment also had an impact in the intellectual and scientific sphere, with elite American-born Spanish men involved in these projects. [3]

  3. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    However, scholars have never agreed on a definition of the Enlightenment or on its chronological or geographical extent. Terms like les Lumières (French), illuminismo (Italian), ilustración (Spanish) and Aufklärung (German) referred to partly overlapping movements. Not until the late 19th century did English scholars agree they were talking ...

  4. Spanish American wars of independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of...

    The Enlightenment spurred the desire for social and economic reform to spread throughout Spanish America and the Iberian Peninsula. Ideas about free trade and physiocratic economics were raised by the Enlightenment in Spain and spread to the overseas empire and a homegrown Spanish American Enlightenment. The political reforms implemented and ...

  5. Spanish Enlightenment literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Enlightenment...

    Spanish Enlightenment literature is the literature of Spain written during the Age of Enlightenment. During the 18th century a new mentality emerged (in essence a continuation of the Renaissance) which swept away the old values of the Baroque era and was given the name the Enlightenment. This movement is based on a critical spirit, on the ...

  6. Spanish American Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_Enlightenment

    Enlightenment texts circulating in Spanish America have been linked to the intellectual underpinnings of Spanish American independence. [5] Works by Enlightenment philosophers were owned and read in Spanish America, despite restrictions on the book trade and their inclusion on the Inquisition’s list of forbidden books . [ 6 ]

  7. Bourbon Reforms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourbon_Reforms

    The Bourbon Reformers and Spanish Civilization; Builders or Destroyers? Boston: Heath, 1966. Hamnett, Brian R. Politics and Trade in Southern Mexico, 1750–1821. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1971. ISBN 978-0-521-07860-3; Lynch, John. Spanish Colonial Administration, 1782–1810: The Intendant System in the Viceroyalty of the Río de ...

  8. Spanish Inquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition

    The main figures of the Spanish Enlightenment were in favour of the abolition of the Inquisition, and many were processed by the Holy Office, among them Olavide, in 1776; Iriarte, in 1779; and Jovellanos, in 1796; Jovellanos sent a report to Charles IV in which he indicated the inefficiency of the Inquisition's courts and the ignorance of those ...

  9. Libertadores - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertadores

    The Guayaquil conference (1822) between Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, the greatest libertadores (liberators) of Spanish America.. Libertadores (Spanish pronunciation: [liβeɾtaˈðoɾes] ⓘ, "Liberators") were the principal leaders of the Spanish American wars of independence from Spain and of the movement in support of Brazilian independence from Portugal.