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The Iliad is often regarded as the first substantial piece of European literature and is a central part of the Epic Cycle. [2] Set towards the end of the Trojan War, a ten-year siege of the city of Troy by a coalition of Mycenaean Greek states, the poem depicts significant events in the
Map of Homeric Greece. In the debate since antiquity over the Catalogue of Ships, the core questions have concerned the extent of historical credibility of the account, whether it was composed by Homer himself, to what extent it reflects a pre-Homeric document or memorized tradition, surviving perhaps in part from Mycenaean times, or whether it is a result of post-Homeric development. [2]
In The World of Odysseus, Finley presents a picture of the society represented by the Iliad and the Odyssey, avoiding the question as "beside the point that the narrative is a collection of fictions from beginning to end". [14]: 9 Finley was in a minority when his World of Odysseus first appeared in 1954. With the understanding that war was the ...
In Greek mythology, Protesilaus (/ ˌ p r ɒ t ɪ s ɪ ˈ l eɪ ə s /; Ancient Greek: Πρωτεσίλᾱος, romanized: Prōtesilāos) was a hero in the Iliad who was venerated at cult sites in Thessaly and Thrace. Protesilaus was the son of Iphiclus, a "lord of many sheep"; as grandson of the eponymous Phylacos, he was the leader of the ...
In the Iliad, Ate is called the "eldest" daughter of Zeus, an apparent indication of her power and her importance to Zeus. [18] Ate (or the impersonal atē) is often referred to as the agent (or instrument) of Zeus' divine retribution. [19] In the Iliad, Zeus is begged to send Ate so that the denier of "Prayers ... may fall and pay full ...
Unlike the Iliad and the Odyssey, the cyclic epics survive only in fragments and summaries from Late Antiquity and the Byzantine period. The Epic Cycle was the distillation in literary form of an oral tradition that had developed during the Greek Dark Age , which was based in part on localised hero cults .
Achilles making a sacrifice to Zeus for Patroclus from The Iliad. Face of the Trojan War, Achilles helped escalate the war after killing the Trojan Prince Hector. A description of the Trojan War is given to audiences through a telling of the myth in the form of a poem by Greek poet Homer, titled The Iliad.
In the Iliad, Achilles led the assault on Lyrnessus during the Trojan War, and slew several of the men in her family. [8] She was subsequently given to Achilles as a war prize. In the Mycenaean Greek society described in the Iliad , captive women like Briseis were slaves and could be traded amongst the warriors.