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A wilt disease is any number of diseases that affect the vascular system of plants. Attacks by fungi, bacteria, and nematodes can cause rapid killing of plants, large tree branches or even entire trees. A pine tree with pine wilt
The cause of cavitation and non-reversible embolism is not fully understood. In primary transmission, when the beetle feeds on a susceptible host pine, the pine wilt nematode enters the tree and feeds on the epithelial cells which line the resin ducts. This is referred to as the phytophagous phase of the nematode, and it results in pine wilt ...
Fusarium circinatum is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the serious disease pitch canker on pine trees and Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii).The most common hosts of the pathogen include slash pine (Pinus elliottii), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula), and Douglas fir. [1]
Bursaphelenchus is a genus of nematodes (roundworms) in the order Aphelenchida.Most are obligate mycophages, but some feed on wood, with two species, the red ring nematode (B. cocophilus) and the pine wood nematode (B. xylophilus), economically significant as pests of coconut palms and of pine trees, respectively.
[8] [22] The pines may be killed by the pine wood nematode, which causes pine wilt disease. The nematode most often attacks trees that are at least ten years old and often kills trees it infects within a few weeks. [35] Previously, the pine was grown in and used extensively by the coal mining regions of Flanders, Belgium.
Cyclaneusma is one of the most important diseases of forests in New Zealand. A study set up in 1977 measured the disease severity of a tree stand over a six-year period. Healthy trees were shown to exhibit 100m^3/ha more stem volume than infected. [4] Projected revenue loss of lumber from diseased trees was expected to be $3200/ha.
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Pine-pine gall rust is economically significant because of its detrimental effects on lumber content, quality, and growth rate. Though the disease is not known to wipe out entire stands, it can kill individual trees. Due to the density of trees within managed stands on tree farms the disease can be much more severe.