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  2. Frame problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_problem

    "The frame problem, then and now" (PDF). University of Texas at Austin. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-02-11. Presented at Celebration of John McCarthy's Accomplishments, Stanford University, March 25, 2012. McCarthy, J.; Hayes, P. J. (1969). "Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence". Machine ...

  3. Circumscription (logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumscription_(logic)

    The frame problem shows in this example as the problem that is not a consequence of the above formulae, while the door is supposed to stay closed until the action of opening it is performed. Circumscription can be used to this aim by defining new variables c h a n g e _ o p e n t {\displaystyle change\_open_{t}} to model changes and then ...

  4. Situation calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_calculus

    The need to specify frame axioms has long been recognised as a problem in axiomatizing dynamic worlds, and is known as the frame problem. As there are generally a very large number of such axioms, it is very easy for the designer to leave out a necessary frame axiom, or to forget to modify all appropriate axioms when a change to the world ...

  5. Separation logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_logic

    This is known as the frame rule (named after the frame problem) and enables local reasoning. It says that a program that executes safely in a small state (satisfying P {\displaystyle P} ), can also execute in any bigger state (satisfying P ∗ R {\displaystyle P\ast R} ) and that its execution will not affect the additional part of the state ...

  6. List of unsolved problems in computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    The problem to determine all positive integers such that the concatenation of and in base uses at most distinct characters for and fixed [citation needed] and many other problems in the coding theory are also the unsolved problems in mathematics.

  7. Frame (artificial intelligence) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_(artificial...

    The term Frame was first used by Marvin Minsky as a paradigm to understand visual reasoning and natural language processing. [12] In these and many other types of problems the potential solution space for even the smallest problem is huge. For example, extracting the phonemes from a raw audio stream or detecting the edges of an object. Things ...

  8. Logic in computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_in_computer_science

    Diagrammatic representation of computer logic gates. Logic in computer science covers the overlap between the field of logic and that of computer science. The topic can essentially be divided into three main areas: Theoretical foundations and analysis; Use of computer technology to aid logicians; Use of concepts from logic for computer applications

  9. Knowledge representation and reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation...

    A frame is similar to an object class: It is an abstract description of a category describing things in the world, problems, and potential solutions. Frames were originally used on systems geared toward human interaction, e.g. understanding natural language and the social settings in which various default expectations such as ordering food in a ...