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Hagia Sophia, [a] officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque, [b] is a mosque and former church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The last of three church buildings to be successively erected on the site by the Eastern Roman Empire, it was completed in AD 537.
Cisterna Basilica is located to the west of Hagia Sophia and is of a similar size. The square on the left of the map marks the location of the Cistern of Philoxenos.. The Basilica Cistern, or Cisterna Basilica (Greek: Βασιλική Κινστέρνα, Turkish: Yerebatan Sarnıcı or Yerebatan Sarayı, "Subterranean Cistern" or "Subterranean Palace"), is the largest of several hundred ...
Air pollution in Turkey, such as fine dust from traffic, is a serious problem in Istanbul. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although the historic peninsula was partially pedestrianised in the early 21st century, [ 3 ] a 2015 study found that this is the part of the city which would benefit most from a low emission zone . [ 4 ]
The Hagia Sophia, topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter over a square space defined by four arches, is the pinnacle of Byzantine architecture. [156] The Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral in the world until it was converted into a mosque in the 15th century. [156] The minarets date from that period. [156]
The most severe of these was the Nika riots of 532, in which an estimated 30,000 people were killed [7] and many important buildings were destroyed, such as the nearby second Hagia Sophia, the Byzantine cathedral. The current (third) Hagia Sophia was built by Justinian I following the Nika riots.
The Hagia Sophia Hurrem Sultan Bathhouse (Turkish: Ayasofya Hürrem Sultan Hamamı, aka Hagia Sophia Haseki Bathhouse (Ayasofya Haseki Hamamı) and Haseki Hurrem Sultan Bathhouse (Haseki Hürrem Sultan Hamamı)) is a sixteenth-century Turkish bath (hamam) in Istanbul, Turkey.
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