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Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides , medications, and nerve agents . [ 4 ] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea , vomiting, small pupils , sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [ 2 ]
The use of organophosphates has decreased considerably since that time, having been replaced by pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, which are effective a much lower levels. [49] Reported cases of organophosphate poisoning in the US have reduced during this period. [50] [51] Regulation in the global south can be less extensive. [52] [53]
Symptoms of organophosphate poisoning include violent convulsions, vomiting, miosis, lachrymation, sweating, salivation, diarrhea, and potentially death. [3] Most nerve gases, including sarin, soman, and tabun, are organophosphates, [6] which are all banned by the Geneva Convention of 1925, as they are deemed a war crime. [7]
Pralidoxime is typically used in cases of organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates such as sarin bind to the hydroxy component (the esteric site) of the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, thereby blocking its activity. Pralidoxime binds to the other half (the unblocked, anionic site) of the active site and then displaces the ...
Cholinesterase reactivators are drugs that reverse the inhibition of cholinesterase by organophosphates or sulfonates. [1] They are used as antidote for treating organophosphate insecticide and nerve agent poisoning. [2] Organophosphates are used industrially in agricultural pesticides, and globally as agents of chemical warfare.
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), also called organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), is a neuropathy caused by killing of neurons in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, as a result of acute or chronic organophosphate poisoning.
After arriving back home, the couple sought medical attention and were diagnosed with "likely organophosphate poisoning." Organophosphates are a type of human-made chemicals that are widely used ...
Pralidoxime is often administered in conjunction with atropine to enhance the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. Limitations of Pralidoxime. According to Palaniappen, V. (2013), a study in the management of organophosphorus compound poisoning, [16] the following conclusions can be drawn. Despite observing clear reactivation of red cell ...