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It can achieve superior compression compared to other techniques such as the better-known Huffman algorithm. It uses an internal memory state to avoid the need to perform a one-to-one mapping of individual input symbols to distinct representations that use an integer number of bits, and it clears out the internal memory only after encoding the ...
In this application the transmission channel is the CD itself. Cell phones also use coding techniques to correct for the fading and noise of high frequency radio transmission. Data modems, telephone transmissions, and the NASA Deep Space Network all employ channel coding techniques to get the bits through, for example the turbo code and LDPC codes.
The receiver is designed so that either code word of the pair decodes to the same data bits. Examples include alternate mark inversion, Differential Manchester encoding, coded mark inversion and Miller encoding. differential coding each symbol relative to the previous symbol. Examples include MLT-3 encoding and NRZI.
The term is much more commonly used in digital media and digital signal processing.The most widely used transform coding technique in this regard is the discrete cosine transform (DCT), [1] [2] proposed by Nasir Ahmed in 1972, [3] [4] and presented by Ahmed with T. Natarajan and K. R. Rao in 1974. [5]
Differential Manchester encoding (DM) is a line code in digital frequency modulation in which data and clock signals are combined to form a single two-level self-synchronizing data stream. Each data bit is encoded by a presence or absence of signal level transition in the middle of the bit period, followed by the mandatory level transition at ...
Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data.
In effect, many bits are wasted in encoding masked portions of the signal because PCM makes no assumptions about how the human ear hears. Coding techniques reduce bitrate by exploiting known characteristics of the auditory system. A classic method is nonlinear PCM, such as the μ-law algorithm. Small signals are digitized with finer granularity ...
A codec is a computer hardware or software component that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. [1] [2] [3] Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder.[4]In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, [5] and hence is a type of codec.