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The point of origin of each UTM zone is the intersection of the equator and the zone's central meridian. To avoid dealing with negative numbers, a false Easting of −500 000 meters is added to the central meridian. Thus a point that has an easting of 400 000 meters is about 100 km west of the central meridian. For most such points, the true ...
On the other hand, the difference of the Redfearn series used by GEOTRANS and the exact solution is less than 1 mm out to a longitude difference of 3 degrees, corresponding to a distance of 334 km from the central meridian at the equator but a mere 35 km at the northern limit of an UTM zone.
equator/prime meridian: equator, prime meridian: degree of arc 26717: UTM Zone 17N NAD 27: Clarke 1866: NAD 27: cartesian (x,y) Transverse Mercator: central meridian 81°W, scaled 0.9996: 500 km west of (81°W, 0°N) equator, 81°W meridian: meter 6576: SPCS Tennessee Zone NAD 83 (2011) ftUS: GRS 80: NAD 83 (2011 epoch) cartesian (x,y)
[20] [21] The six-degree zone width of UTM strikes a balance between the frequency of these discontinuities versus distortion of scale, which would increase unacceptably if the zones were made wider. (UTM further uses a 0.9996 scale factor at the central meridian, growing to 1.0000 at two meridians offset from the center, and increasing toward ...
For example, in UTM, the origin of each northern zone is a point on the equator 500 km west of the central meridian of the zone (the edge of the zone itself is just under 400 km to the west). This has the desirable effect of making all coordinates within the zone positive values, being east and north of the origin.
This section provides details for zone 30 as another example of the Redfearn formulae (usually termed Thomas formulae in the United States.) ellipsoid: International 1924 (a.k.a. Hayford 1909) major axis: 6 378 388.000 minor axis: 6 356 911.946 central meridian longitude: 3°W projection origin: 3°W and 0°N central meridian scale factor: 0.9996
To convert Transverse Mercator coordinates to lat-lon, first calculate ′, the footprint latitude— i.e. the latitude of the point on the central meridian that has the same N as the point to be converted; i.e. the latitude that has a meridian distance on the spheroid equal to N/. Bowring's formulas below seem quickest, but traditional ...
Central meridian may mean: Central meridian (astronomy) , the meridian that goes through the centre of the body's disc as seen from the point of view of the observer Central meridian (map projections) , a line used to define the origin of some map projections