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In placental mammals, the umbilical cord (also called the navel string, [1] birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis) is a conduit between the developing embryo or fetus and the placenta. During prenatal development , the umbilical cord is physiologically and genetically part of the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical ...
The amniotic membrane and its contents form the umbilical cord that connects the embryo and the placenta. [3] [4] The root of the connecting stalk contains the allantois as a diverticulum of hindgut endoderm along with umbilical vessels. [5] [2] Anomalies are usually referred to as body stalk anomalies and occur in approximately 1 in 15,000 ...
The fetal circulation is composed of the placenta, umbilical blood vessels encapsulated by the umbilical cord, heart and systemic blood vessels. A major difference between the fetal circulation and postnatal circulation is that the lungs are not used during the fetal stage resulting in the presence of shunts to move oxygenated blood and ...
The placenta (pl.: placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation.It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate maternal and fetal circulations, and is an important endocrine organ, producing hormones that regulate both maternal and fetal ...
The amnion is the innermost layer and, therefore, contacts the amniotic fluid, the fetus and the umbilical cord. [5] The internal pressure of the amniotic fluid causes the amnion to be passively attached to the chorion. [4] The chorion functions to separate the amnion from the maternal decidua and uterus. [4]
The umbilical arteries surround the urinary bladder and then carry all the deoxygenated blood out of the fetus through the umbilical cord. Inside the placenta, the umbilical arteries connect with each other at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the cord insertion in what is called the Hyrtl anastomosis. [1]
"In these cases the entire placenta and umbilical cord need to be sent to the laboratory for examination," she says. "The parent would have to speak with the laboratory to determine if a piece of ...
In live bearing mammals, the placenta forms after the embryo implants into the wall of the uterus. The developing fetus is connected to the placenta via an umbilical cord. Mammalian placentas can be classified based on the number of tissues separating the maternal from the fetal blood. These include: endotheliochorial placentation